Gender inequality in learning achievement in primary education: what can TERCE tell us?

The analysis presented in this report is threefold. First, it identifies and describes gender gaps based on the average score differences, the score distributions (variability) and representation in the ‘achievement levels’ developed by TERCE (Third Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study) for each course and grade. Second, it compares TERCE results with results from the Second Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (SERCE), conducted in 2006, in order to identify trends and changes over time. Finally, it explores factors that may be associated with the evidenced gender gaps in educational performance, focusing on third and sixth grader achievement in mathematics, reading and science.