Toward Universal Learning: What Every Child Should Learn is the first in a series of three reports from the Learning Metrics Task Force. Subsequent reports will address how learning should be measured within the proposed global framework of learning domains, and how measurement of learning can be implemented to improve education quality. This report presents the results of a collaborative process to identify what domains of learning are important for children and youth to master in order to succeed in school and life. As such, the report’s primary purpose is to document the process and describe the rationale for the proposed framework. Subsequent reports, to be released in 2013, will provide actionable recommendations for stakeholders in the global education community.