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Shadow education: private supplementary tutoring and its implications for policy makers in Asia

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Abstract

This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.

Author
Bray, Mark
Lykins, Chad
Corporate Author
Asian Development Bank(ADB)
University of Hong Kong. Comparative Education Research Centre(CERC)
Year of publication
2011
Imprint
Manila (ADB, 2012, p.100)
URL
https://www.adb.org/publications/shadow-education-private-supplementary-tutorin…
Theme
Private education
Keywords
tutoring
private education
individualized instruction
remedial instruction
policy making
educational policy
educational reform
social inequality
equal opportunity
educational opportunities
academic achievement
examinations
diplomas
educational demand
curriculum development
Resource type
Case studies and research papers
Meeting
ANTRIEP Policy Seminar on The Role of Private Actors in Education: an Opportunity for Innovation or a Barrier to Equity?^pNew Delhi^d19-21 October^y<2011>^zeng
Notes
Russian version publ. in 2016
Source database
curatED
Language
English
Russian