While research exists on teacher interventions, policy, and reform, very little research has focused on the role of the broader education workforce as a whole. Many roles beyond the teacher are under-analyzed, particularly in developing countries. There has also been very little thought leadership on the education workforce needed for the future. This report starts to address these gaps by presenting the latest evidence and experience on broader education workforce reform, exploring new approaches and drawing on lessons from other sectors to catalyze new thinking on education workforce strengthening, design, and implementation. The report is future-focused – imagining an education workforce relevant now but continually evolving and adapting to global trends. The overarching questions guiding the report are: 1. What kind of workforce is needed to meet the demand for quality, inclusive primary and secondary education at the school, district, and system levels? 2. How can existing roles be strengthened, i.e. recruited, deployed, trained, supported, motivated, professionally developed, and led effectively to help prepare all students to thrive? 3. How do existing roles (such as teacher, support staff, school leader, and district support) need to be redefined, and what, if any, new roles are needed to more effectively deliver quality education to all students? 4. How have countries implemented education workforce reforms? How does the political economy influence the design and implementation of education workforce reforms? 5. What are the costing and financing considerations needed for the design and implementation of new approaches to the education workforce?