In this Insight Note, political will is defined as “the extent of committed support among key decision makers for a particular policy solution to a particular problem.”. There are three necessary conditions for a meaningful prioritisation of learning in education systems: - First, the highest authorities of a state must have the political will to prioritise learning. - Second, the highest authorities of a state must define learning goals as universal goals and want to get every child learning, as opposed to regarding education systems as selection or filtration systems that cater only to a few high-performing students. - Third, the highest authorities of a state must employ a long-horizon view to reap the long-term benefits of a learning-oriented system. Depending on the political context, there are different ways in which political will is formed, as citizens’ power to hold their state to account varies. As a result, the responsiveness of states to their citizens’ priorities varies as well. This Insight Note introduces a typology to distinguish between different political contexts with distinct processes of political will formation. This typology can also be used to describe the different ways in which political will may be fostered in contexts where it is lacking.