This summary highlights the key messages from research focusing on gender and education from the ESRC-DFID Raising Learning Outcomes in Education Systems Research Programme, and is an output of the Impact Initiative for International Development Research. This collection of ESRC-DFID-funded research provides valuable evidence on strategies to ensure commitments to eliminate gender disparities in education are met. Beyond ensuring that every child – both girls and boys – is in school and learning, it highlights new approaches to how gender equality in and through education can be measured, which is crucial to achieving more than just gender parity in education. It also demonstrates the need for multi-stakeholder collaboration to challenge existing norms and traditions; and, highlights the benefits of social-emotional learning activities which can be particularly effective for girls in conflict-affected contexts.